Benefit Programs for Veterans

Disability Compensation

Eligibility

Monetary benefits, called disability compensation, are paid to veterans who are disabled by injury or disease incurred or aggravated during active military service in the line of duty. The service of the veterans must have been terminated through separation or discharge under conditions that were other than dishonorable. Monetary benefits are related to the residual effects of the injury or disease. The amounts of the benefits, which are not subject to federal or state income tax, are usually changed annually by Congress.

Disability compensation is paid in monthly payments. Currently these range from $85 for a 10 percent degree of disability to $1,730 for a 100-percent disability rating.

Disability Rate 
10 percent $85
20 percent 162
30 percent 247
40 percent 352
50 percent 502
60 percent 632
70 percent 799
80 percent 924
90 percent 1,040
Total disability 1,730

Allowances for Dependents

Veterans whose service-connected disabilities are rated at 30 percent or more are entitled to additional allowances for dependents. The additional amount, from $16 to $160 a month, is determined according to the number of dependents and the degree of disability. A disabled veteran evaluated 30 percent or more also is entitled to receive a special allowance for a spouse who is in need of the aid and attendance of another person.

Prisoners of War

Former prisoners of war who were incarcerated for at least 30 days are entitled to a presumption of service connection for disabilities resulting from certain diseases or ailments if manifested to a degree of 10 percent at any time after active service. These presumptions may be rebutted by proof of other intervening causes.

Other Disability Benefits 
Specially Adapted Homes 
A disabled veteran may be entitled to a grant from VA for a home specially adapted to their needs
or for adaptations. 
For $38,000 Grant 

(a) loss or loss of use of both lower extremities, such as to preclude locomotion without the aid of braces, crutches, canes, or a wheelchair, or

(b) disability which includes (1) blindness in both eyes, having only light perception, plus (2) loss or loss of use of one lower extremity, or

(c) loss or loss of use of one lower extremity together with (1) residuals of organic disease or injury, or (2) the loss or loss of use of one upper extremity, which so affects the functions of balance or propulsion as to preclude locomotion without using braces, canes, crutches or a wheelchair. For $6,500 Grant

VA may approve a grant for the actual cost, up to a maximum of $6,500, for adaptations to a veteran's residence which are determined by VA to be reasonably necessary. The grant also may be used to assist eligible veterans in acquiring a residence which has already been adapted with special features for the veteran's disability. In the latter situation, the amount of the grant is based on the fair market value of the existing special features, and not their cost. Veterans must be entitled to compensation for permanent and total service-connected disability due to:

(a) Blindness in both eyes with 5/200 visual acuity or less, or

(b) Anatomical loss or loss of use of both hands.

Supplemental Financing

Veterans with available loan guaranty entitlement may also obtain a guaranteed loan or a direct loan from VA to supplement the grant to acquire a specially adapted home.

Housing Insurance

Veterans with a specially adapted housing grant may be eligible for Veterans Mortgage Life Insurance.

Automobiles or Other Conveyances

Veterans and current service personnel qualify for this benefit if they have service-connected loss of one or both hands or feet, or permanent loss of use, or permanent impairment of vision of both eyes. Veterans entitled to compensation for ankylosis (abnormal immobility) of one or both knees, or one or both hips, also qualify for adaptive equipment for an automobile. There is a one-time payment by VA of not more than $5,500 toward the purchase of an automobile or other conveyance. VA will pay for adaptive equipment, and for repair, replacement, or reinstallation required because of disability, and for the safe operation of a vehicle purchased with VA assistance or a previously or subsequently acquired vehicle. To apply, contact a VA regional office or the prosthetic office at a VA medical center.

Clothing Allowance

Any veteran who is entitled to receive compensation for a service-connected disability for which he or she uses prosthetic or orthopedic appliances, including a wheelchair that tends to wear out or tear clothing, may receive an annual clothing allowance of $466. Any veteran whose service-connected skin condition requires prescribed medication that irreparably damages the veteran's outer garments also may receive the allowance.

Pension

Eligibility

Veterans may be eligible for support if they have limited income when they have 90 days or more of active military service, at least one day of which was during a period of war. Their discharge from active duty must have been under conditions other than dishonorable. They must be permanently and totally disabled for reasons neither traceable to military service nor to willful misconduct. Payments are made to qualified veterans to bring their total income, including other retirement or Social Security income, to an established support level. Countable income may be reduced by unreimbursed medical expenses. Pension is not payable to those who have assets that can be used to provide adequate maintenance.

Improved Pension

Effective Dec. 1, 1992, the Improved Pension program provides for the following annual rates, generally payable monthly. The annual payment is reduced by the amount of the annual countable income of the veteran and the income of any spouse or dependent children.

Veteran without dependent spouse or child, $7,619. 
Veteran with one dependent (spouse or child), $9,980. 
Veteran in need of regular aid and attendance with no dependents, $12,817. 
Veteran in need of regular aid and attendance with one dependent, $14,548. 
Veteran permanently housebound with no dependents, $9,313. 
Veteran permanently housebound with one dependent, $11,673. 
Two veterans married to one another, $9,980. 
Veterans of World War l and Mexican Border Period, add to the applicable annual rate, $1,724.
Increase for each additional dependent child, $1,296.
Reduction While in Nursing Home or Domiciliary 

Protected Pension Programs

Pensioners entitled to benefits as of Dec. 31, 1978, who do not elect to receive pension under the Improved Pension program, will continue to receive pension benefits at the rate they were entitled to receive on Dec. 31, 1978, as long as they remain permanently and totally disabled, do not lose a dependent, or their incomes do not exceed the adjusted income limitation. The income limitation is increased annually based on changes in the Consumer Price Index.

Vocational Training

Veterans in receipt of pensions between Feb. 1, 1985, and Dec. 31, 1995, may elect to participate in a vocational training program. Under this pilot program a veteran may receive up to 24 months or more of vocational training and related services as well as up to 18 months of placement and post-placement services. Work income will affect the continuing receipt of pension.

Aid and Attendance or Housebound

A veteran who is a patient in a nursing home or otherwise determined by VA to be in need of the regular aid and attendance of another person, or is permanently housebound, may be entitled to higher income limitations or additional benefits, depending on the type of pension received.

Education and Training

VA administers a number of education and training programs for veterans, servicepersons and eligible dependents.

Montgomery GI Bill (Active Duty)

Eligibility

The Montgomery GI Bill (Active Duty), also known as Chapter 30, is a program of education benefits generally for individuals who enter active duty for the first time after June 30, 1985. Active duty for benefit purposes includes full-time National Guard duty performed after Nov. 29, 1989. The participant generally must serve continuously on active duty for three years of a three-year or greater initial enlistment or, for a lesser benefit, two years of an initial active-duty obligation of less than three years. An individual also may qualify for the full benefit by initially serving two continuous years on active duty, followed by four years of Selected Reserve service. In the latter case, the participant must enter the Selected Reserve within one year of release from active duty. The participant must meet the requirements for a high school diploma or an equivalency certificate before the first period of active duty ends. Completing 12 credit-hours toward a college degree meets this requirement. Individuals who initially serve a continuous period of at least three years of active duty, even though they were initially obligated to serve less, will be paid at the higher basic rate.

Participation Requirements

Participation in the Montgomery GI Bill requires that service-persons have their military pay reduced by $100 a month for the first 12 months of active duty. This money is not refundable. If an individual decides not to participate in this program, this decision cannot be changed at a later date. An exception is made under specific conditions for servicepersons who are involuntarily separated from active duty with an honorable discharge after Feb. 2, 1991. In many cases, those who previously decided not to participate in this program and who voluntarily separate from active duty after Dec. 4, 1991, also may now elect to participate. If the serviceperson decides to participate before separation, military pay will be reduced before separation, and education or training may take place following separation.

Vietnam Era GI Bill Conversion

Also eligible for Montgomery GI Bill benefits are those individuals who had remaining entitlement under the Vietnam Era GI Bill on Dec. 31, 1989, and served on active duty sometime during the period Oct. 19, 1984, and June 30, 1985, and continued to serve on active duty to July 1, 1988, or to June 30, 1987, followed by four years in the Selected Reserve after release from active duty. The individual must have entered the Selected Reserve within one year of release from active duty. The individual who converts from the Vietnam Era GI Bill must have met the requirements for a high school diploma or an equivalency certificate before Dec. 31, 1989. Completion of 12 credit hours toward a college degree meets the requirement.

Discharges and Separations

For the Montgomery GI Bill program, the discharge must be honorable. Discharges designated "under honorable conditions" and "general" do not establish eligibility for education benefits. A discharge for one of the following reasons could result in a reduction of the required length of active duty:

(a) Convenience of the government.

(b) Disability.

(c) Hardship.

(d) A medical condition existing before service.

(e) Force reductions.

(f) A medical condition which prevents satisfactory performance of duty.

Education and Training Available

The following education and training opportunities are available under the Montgomery GI Bill:

(a) Courses at colleges and universities leading to associate, bachelor or graduate degrees, and accredited independent study. Cooperative training programs are available to individuals not on active duty.

(b) Courses leading to a certificate or diploma from business, technical or vocational schools.

(c) Apprenticeship or on-job training programs for individuals not on active duty.

(d) Correspondence courses.

(e) Flight training from Sept. 30, 1990, to Sept. 30, 1994. Before beginning training, the veteran must have a private pilot license and meet the physical requirements for a commercial license. Benefits also may be received for solo flying hours up to the minimum required by the FAA for the rating or certification being pursued.

The individual also may receive tutorial assistance benefits if enrolled in school half-time or more. Remedial, deficiency and refresher training also may be available.

Payments

Veterans who served on active duty for three years, or two years active duty plus four years in the Selected Reserve or National Guard will receive $350 a month in basic benefits for 36 months. This rises to $400 effective April 1, 1993. Those who enlist for less than three years will receive $275 a month -- $325 after April 1, 1993. VA pays an additional amount, commonly called a "kicker," if directed by the Department of Defense. Starting with fiscal year 1994, cost-of-living increases in the basic rates will be required by law.

Work-Study

To be eligible for work-study benefits, a person must train at the three-quarter or full-time rate. Students will be paid for the first 50 hours of each work-study contract, or 40 percent of the amount specified in the work-study agreement, or an amount equal to 50 times the applicable minimum wage, whichever is less. Under this program, they may perform outreach services under the supervision of a VA employee, prepare and process VA paperwork, work at a VA medical facility, or perform other approved activities.

Period of Eligibility

For the most part, benefits under Chapter 30 end 10 years from the date of the veteran's last discharge or release from active duty. VA can extend this 10-year period if the veteran was prevented from training during this period because of a disability or because he or she was held by a foreign government or power. The 10-year period can also be extended if an individual reenters active duty for 90 days or more after becoming eligible. Veterans serving periods of active duty of less than 90 days can qualify for extensions under certain circumstances. If the veteran's discharge is upgraded by the military, the 10-year period begins on the date of the upgrade.

If eligibility is based on both the Vietnam Era GI Bill and the Montgomery GI Bill, and discharge from active duty was before Dec. 31, 1989, the veteran will have until Jan. 1, 2000. In most cases, VA will subtract from the 10-year period those periods the veteran was not on active duty between Jan. 1, 1977, and June 30, 1985.

If eligibility is based on two years of active duty and four years in the Selected Reserve, the veteran's eligibility will end the later of: (a) 10 years from release from active duty; or (b) 10 years from completion of the four-year Selected Reserve obligation. This four-year obligation, however, does not apply to certain individuals discharged because of downsizing the military between Oct. 1, 1991, and Sept. 30, 1995.

Montgomery GI Bill (Selected Reserve)

Eligibility

The Montgomery GI Bill (Selected Reserve) is a program of education benefits for members of the reserve elements of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps and Coast Guard, as well as the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard. This program also is referred to as Chapter 106. To be eligible for the program, a reservist must:

(a) have a six-year obligation to serve in the Selected Reserve signed after June 30, 1985, or, if an officer, agree to serve six years in addition to the original obligation;

(b) complete Initial Active Duty for Training (IADT);

(c) meet the requirements for a high school diploma or equivalency certificate before completing IADT; and

(d) remain in good standing in a Selected Reserve unit.

Education and Training Available

A six-year reserve commitment that begins after Sept. 30, 1990, is needed to receive education benefits for pursuit of:

(a) Courses leading to a certificate or diploma from business, technical or vocational schools.

(b) Cooperative training.

(c) Apprenticeship or on-job training.

(d) Correspondence training.

(e) Accredited independent study programs.

(f) Tutorial assistance benefits.

(g) Flight training from Sept. 30, 1990, to Sept, 30, 1994. Benefits also may be received for solo

flying hours up to the minimum required by the FAA for the rating or certification being pursued. Before beginning training the reservist must have a private pilot license and meet the physical requirements for a commercial license.

Remedial, deficiency and refresher training may also be available to the reservist.

Payments

The full-time rate is $170 a month for 36 months, rising to $190 effective April 1, 1993. Starting with fiscal year 1994, cost-of-living increases will be required by law.

Work-Study

Reservists training at the three-quarter or full-time rate are eligible for the work-study program. Terms of participation are the same as under the Montgomery GI Bill (Active Duty) program, except that reservists can also work at a military facility if the work is related to the Chapter 106 program. Period of Eligibility

If a reservist stays in the Selected Reserve, benefits end 10 years from the date the reservist became eligible for the program. VA may extend the 10-year period if the individual could not train due to a disability caused by Selected Reserve service. If a reservist leaves the Selected Reserve because of a disability, the individual may use the full 10 years. In other cases, benefits end on the day the reservist leaves the Selected Reserve, except that certain individuals separated from the Selected Reserve due to downsizing of the military between Oct. 1, 1991, and Sept. 30, 1995, will have the full 10 years to use their benefits. If the 10-year period ends, however, while the participant is attending school, VA will pay benefits until the end of the term. If the training is not on a term basis, payments may continue for 12 weeks.

Veterans' Educational Assistance Program (VEAP)

Eligibility

Under VEAP, active duty personnel voluntarily participated in a plan for education or training in which their savings are administered and added to by the federal government. Servicepersons were eligible to enroll in VEAP if they entered active duty for the first time after Dec. 31, 1976, and before July 1, 1985. Some contribution to VEAP must have been made prior to April 1, 1987. The maximum participant contribution is $2,700. While on active duty, participants may make a lump-sum contribution to the training fund.

A serviceperson who participated in VEAP is eligible to receive benefits while on active duty if: (a) at least three months of contributions are available, except for high school or elementary school, in which case only one month of contributions is needed; and (b) the first active-duty commitment is completed.

If the individual's first term is for more than six years, benefits may be available after six years. To attend an elementary or high school program, the individual must be in the last six months of the first enlistment.

A veteran who participated in VEAP is eligible to receive benefits if the discharge was under conditions other than dishonorable and:

(a) the first enlistment was prior to Sept. 8, 1980, or the participant entered active duty as an officer before Oct. 17, 1981, and served for a continuous period of 181 days or more or was discharged for a service-connected disability; or

(b) enlisted for the first time on or after Sept. 8, 1980, or entered active duty as an officer on or after Oct. 17, 1981, and completed 24 continuous months of active duty.

Education eligibility may be established even though the required active duty is not completed if the veteran:

(a) receives VA disability compensation or military disability retirement,

(b) served a previous period of at least 24 continuous months of active duty before Oct. 17, 1981; or

(c) was discharged or released for early out, hardship or service-connected disability. An individual who contributed or who could have contributed to VEAP before being involuntarily separated from active duty with an honorable discharge after Feb. 2, 1991, may elect before separation to receive Montgomery GI Bill (Active Duty) benefits. Participants in VEAP also may make an irrevocable election to participate in the Montgomery GI Bill (Active Duty). The services will collect $1,200 from the participant's military pay from those separating from services on or after Oct. 23, 1992. Many VEAP participants who voluntarily separate from active duty after Dec. 4, 1991, also may elect to participate in the Montgomery GI Bill (Active Duty).

Education and Training Available

VEAP participants may pursue associate, bachelor or graduate degrees at colleges or universities. Courses leading to a certificate or diploma from business, technical or vocational schools may also be taken. Other opportunities include apprenticeship or on-job training programs, cooperative courses and correspondence-school courses. Right training may be pursued from April 1, 1991, through Sept. 30, 1994. Benefits also may be received for solo flying-hours up to the minimum required by the FAA for the rating or certification being pursued. Before beginning training, the veteran must have a private pilot license and meet the physical requirements for a commercial license. A participant may also study abroad, but only in programs leading to a college degree. A participant with a deficiency in a subject may receive tutorial assistance benefits if enrolled half-time or more. Remedial, deficiency and refresher training also may be available.

Payments

When the participant elects to use VEAP benefits to pursue an approved course of education or training, the Defense Department will match the participant's contribution at the rate of $2 for every $1 the individual put into the fund. Defense also may make additional contributions to the fund in exchange for special duties performed by the participant.

A typical VEAP payment: A participant contributes $1,800 over a 36-month period and the government adds $3,600 (2 for 1 match); there is no additional benefit from the Defense Department. This results in a total entitlement amount of $5,400. This amount would be divided by 36 months, yielding a monthly benefit of $150 for full-time schooling for the veteran. A veteran will receive monthly payments for the number of months contributed, or for 36 months, whichever is less. The amount of the payment is determined by dividing the number of months that contributions were made into the participant's training-fund total.

Period of Eligibility

A veteran has 10 years from the date of last discharge or release from active duty to use VEAP benefits. This 10-year period can be extended by the amount of time the veteran could not train because of a disability or because of being held by a foreign government or power. The 10-year period may also be extended if the veteran re-enters active duty for 90 continuous days or more after becoming eligible. The extension ends 10 years from the date of discharge or release from the later active duty period. For periods of less than 90 continuous days, the veteran may qualify for extensions under certain circumstances. A veteran with a discharge upgraded by the military will have 10 years from the date of the upgrade.

Work-Study

Work-study benefits are the same as the Montgomery GI Bill (Active Duty) program.

Vocational and Educational Counseling

Servicemembers, veterans and dependents of deceased and totally disabled veterans may receive a wide range of vocational and educational counseling services throughout the period they are eligible for an educational assistance program administered by VA. Counseling services include educational and vocational counseling and guidance, and testing. In addition, the following individuals may receive these services regardless of eligibility for any other VA educational benefits: (a) servicemembers within 180 days of their planned discharges or releases from active duty; and (b) veterans within one year after discharge. VA does not pay for travel expenses for servicemembers or veterans receiving counseling services.

Counseling Required for Individuals Rated Incompetent

A veteran or servicemember rated incompetent by VA must be counseled prior to entering an educational or training program paid by VA. VA will pay the cost of travel for this counseling.

Vocational Rehabilitation

Eligibility

Veterans and servicemembers who served in the Armed Forces on or after Sept. 16, 1940, are eligible for vocational rehabilitation if three conditions are met:

(1) They suffered a service-connected disability or disabilities in active service which entitle them to at least 20 percent compensation or would do so but for receipt of military retirement pay. Veterans may also be eligible if they have a compensable rating of less than 20 percent and first applied for vocational rehabilitation before Nov. 1, 1990. Effective Oct. 1, 1993, veterans with a 10 percent disability also may be found eligible if they have a serious employment handicap.

(2) They were discharged or released under other than dishonorable conditions or are hospitalized awaiting separation for disability.

(3) VA determines that they need vocational rehabilitation to overcome an impairment to their ability to prepare for, obtain or retain employment consistent with their abilities, aptitudes and interests. Their service-connected disabilities must materially contribute to this employment handicap.

Period of Eligibility

Generally, the veteran must complete a rehabilitation program 12 years from the date VA notifies him or her of entitlement to compensation. This period may be deferred or extended if a medical condition prevented the veteran from training for a period or if the veteran has a serious employment handicap.

Length of Rehabilitation Program

Disabled veterans may receive up to four years of rehabilitation services, including full-time training or its equivalent either in part-time training or in a combination of part-time and full-time training. Rehabilitation services may exceed four years in some cases. If a veteran with a serious employment handicap, for example, receives a training evaluation over an extended period, the total of the extended evaluation and the training phases of the rehabilitation program may exceed four years. Following participation in the training portion of a rehabilitation program, a veteran may receive counseling, job search and work adjustment services for up to 18 months. Employment services also may be given if the veteran is eligible for vocational rehabilitation and these services are the only assistance needed to overcome the employment handicap and become suitably employed.

Benefits

A disabled veteran will be given an evaluation to establish eligibility and entitlement and to determine whether the veteran needs extended evaluation, independent living services, educational or vocational training, employment services, or a combination of these benefits.

In the educational or vocational training phase of a rehabilitation program, veterans may: (a) enroll in trade, business or technical schools or in college-level institutions; (b) train on the job or in an apprenticeship program; (c) take on-farm training; (d) enter programs which combine school and on-job training; or (e) train in special rehabilitation facilities or at home when this is necessary because of serious disability. Veterans may also receive services and assistance to improve their ability to live more independently in their communities.

After completion of the training phase, VA will assist the veteran to find and hold a suitable job.

Rehabilitation Program Costs

While in training and for two months after the completion of training, eligible veterans may receive subsistence allowances in addition to their disability compensation or retirement pay. Servicemembers cannot receive subsistence allowances until they leave active duty. VA pays the costs of tuition, fees, books, supplies and equipment. VA may also pay for special supportive services, such as tutorial assistance, prosthetic devices, lip-reading training and signing for the deaf. VA will help the veteran to pay for at least part of the transportation expenses unique to disabled persons during training or employment services. VA also may provide an advance against future benefit payments for veterans who run into financial difficulties during training.

Work-Study

For work-study benefits, a person must train at the three-quarter or full-time rate. Participants will be paid in advance 40 percent of the amount specified in the work-study agreement, or an amount equal to 50 times the applicable minimum wage, whichever is less. They also may perform outreach services under the supervision of a VA employee, prepare and process VA paperwork, work at a VA medical facility or perform other approved activities.

Special Program for Veterans Rated Unemployable

Veterans awarded 100 percent disability compensation based upon unemployability may request an evaluation and, if found eligible, may participate in a program of rehabilitation services and training and receive special assistance in securing employment. VA's Vocational Rehabilitation Service is responsible for the program. A veteran with an unemployability rating who secures gainful employment under the special program will continue to receive disability compensation without reduction until the veteran has worked continuously for 12 months.

Special Program for Veterans Receiving Pension

Veterans who are awarded VA pension through Dec. 31, 1995, may be eligible for up to 24 months--or more under certain circumstances--of vocational training. Program participants may also receive up to 18 months of employment-counseling, job-search and work-adjustment services. Any veteran receiving a pension awarded prior to Dec. 31, 1995, may apply for an evaluation and for participation in vocational training. If an evaluation shows the veteran can achieve a vocational goal and the veteran wants vocational training, VA will help develop a plan of training and supportive services. Veterans are not required, however, to take part either in evaluation or training.

A veteran will continue to receive pension while receiving training or employment services. If a veteran in the training program loses entitlement to pension, training may be continued unless the pension is the result of fraud or administrative error.

If a veteran's pension is terminated for excessive work or training income, the veteran may continue to receive VA health care and retain priority for treatment for three years after the date the pension is terminated.

Participants may work up to 12 months with no change in their evaluation as permanently and totally disabled. The employment must be within the scope of the vocational goal or a related field identified in the participant's VA rehabilitation plan and must be obtained within one year after eligibility for counseling expires. Earnings during this 12 month period count as income, however, for pension purposes.

Home Loan Guaranties

Eligible veterans and unmarried surviving spouses may obtain VA-guaranteed loans for the purchase and refinancing of homes, condominiums and manufactured homes. The VA guarantees part of the total loan so a veteran may obtain a mortgage on a home or condominium with a competitive interest rate -- without a downpayment if the lender agrees. VA requires a downpayment for the purchase of a manufactured home. VA also requires a downpayment for a home or condominium if the purchase price exceeds the reasonable value of the property or the loan has a graduated payment feature. With a VA guaranty, the lender is protected against complete loss if the borrower fails to repay the loan. A VA loan guaranty can be used to:

(a) Buy a home.

(b) Buy a residential unit in new or proposed, existing or converted condominium projects.

(c) Build a home.

(d) Repair, alter or improve a home.

(e) Refinance an existing home loan.

(f) Buy a manufactured home with or without a lot.

(g) Buy and improve a manufactured home lot on which to place a unit owned and occupied by the veteran.

(h) Improve a home through installation of a solar heating or cooling system or other weatherization improvements.

(i) Purchase and improve simultaneously a home with energy-conserving measures.

(j) Refinance an existing VA loan to reduce the interest rate.

(k) Refinance a manufactured home loan to acquire a lot.

(l) Purchase and improve a home simultaneously.

Eligibility

To be eligible for a loan guaranty, applicants must have a good credit rating and have an income sufficient to support the new mortgage payments. The applicant also must agree to occupy the property as a home. To obtain a VA Certificate of Eligibility, complete a VA Form 261880, "Request for Determination of Eligibility and Available Loan Guaranty Entitlement," and submit it along with required supporting documents to the nearest VA regional office.

World War II Eligibility

Eligibility requirements for veterans of World War II are: (a) active duty on or after Sept. 16, 1940, and prior to July 26, 1947; (b) a discharge or separation under other than dishonorable conditions; and (c) at least 90 days total service, unless discharged earlier for service-connected disability.

Post-World War II Eligibility

Eligibility requirements for veterans of this period are: (a) no other active-duty service except that which occurred after July 25, 1947, and prior to June 27, 1950; (b) a discharge or separation under other than dishonorable conditions; and (c) at least 1 81 days continuous active-duty service unless discharged earlier for a service-connected disability.

Korean Conflict Eligibility

Eligibility requirements for veterans of the Korean Conflict period are: (a) active duty at any time on or after June 27, 1950, and prior to Feb. 1, 1955; (b) discharge or separation under other than dishonorable conditions; and (c) at least 90 days total service, unless the veteran was discharged for a service-connected disability.

Post-Korean Conflict Eligibility

Eligibility requirements for post-Korean Conflict veterans are: (a) active duty for 1 81 continuous days or more, any part of which occurred after Jan. 31, 1955, and prior to Aug. 5, 1964; and (b) discharge or release under conditions other than dishonorable; or (c) early discharge or release from active duty after such date for a service-connected disability.

Vietnam Eligibility

Eligibility requirements for Vietnam-Era veterans are: (a) active duty for a total of 90 days or more, any part of which occurred after Aug. 4, 1964, and prior to May 8, 1975; and (b) discharge or release from active duty under conditions other than dishonorable; or (c) earlier release from such active duty for a service-connected disability.

Post-Vietnam Eligibility

Eligibility requirements for Post-Vietnam veterans whose enlisted service began before Sept. 8. 1980, or whose service as an officer began before Oct. 17, 1981, are: (a) active duty for 181 continuous days or more, all of which occurred after May 7, 1975; and (b) discharge or release from active duty under conditions other than dishonorable; or (c) early release from such active duty for service-connected disability. Eligibility requirements for veterans separated from enlisted service between Sept. 8, 1980, and Aug. 1, 1990, or service as an officer between Oct. 17, 1981, and Aug. 1, 1990, are: (a) completion of 24 months of continuous active duty or the full period -- at least 181 days -- for which the person was called or ordered to active duty, and discharge or release from active duty under conditions other than dishonorable; or (b) completion of at least 181 days of active duty with a hardship discharge, certain discharges for the convenience of the government, or for service-connected disability, or (c) early discharge with less than 181 days of service for service-connected disability.

Persian Gulf War Eligibility

Eligibility requirements for Persian Gulf War veterans are: (a) completion of 24 months of continuous active duty or the full period at least 90 days -- for which the person was called to active duty, and discharge or release from active duty under conditions other than dishonorable; or (b) earlier release after at least 90 days, with a hardship discharge, discharge at the convenience of the government, or discharge for a service-connected disability. Reservists and National Guard members are eligible if they were activated on or after Aug. 2, 1990, served at least 90 days active duty, and were discharged honorably. Eligibility for reservists expires Oct. 28, 1999.

Active Duty Personnel Eligibility

Until the Persian Gulf era is ended by law or Presidential Proclamation, persons on active duty are eligible after serving on continuous active duty for 90 days. Six-month enlistees who serve for six months on active duty for training only are not eligible since their service does not constitute "active duty" as defined by law, although they may be eligible for FHA Home Mortgage Insurance for veterans. (See FHA Home Mortgage Insurance.)

Eligibility for Members of the Selected Reserve

Individuals who have completed at least six years in the Reserves or National Guard are eligible if they: (1) have been discharged under honorable conditions, or (2) have been placed on the retired list, or (3) have been transferred to an element of the Ready Reserve other than the Selected Reserve, or (4) continue to serve in the Selected Reserve.

Eligibility for Others

Others eligible include unremarried spouses of veterans who died on active duty or as a result of service-connected causes; spouses of active duty service members who have been missing in action or a prisoner of war for at least 90 days; U.S. citizens who served in the armed forces of a U.S. ally in World War II; and certain citizens who were part of organizations with recognized contributions to the U.S. World War II effort. Questions about eligibility may be answered at any VA regional office.

Expiration

Loan guaranty eligibility is not subject to an expiration date. Eligibility for reservists expires Oct. 28, 1999.

Entitlement

The amount of the VA guaranty available to an eligible veteran is called the entitlement. The basic entitlement available to an eligible veteran is $36,000. Up to $46,000 of entitlement, however, may be available to veterans purchasing or constructing homes to be financed with a loan of more than $144,000, and to veterans who obtain an Interest Rate Reduction Refinancing Loan of more than $144,000.

The maximum amount of entitlement which may be used depends on the loan purpose and loan amount and will be the lesser of the percentage or dollar limits in the following table:

Loan Amount Guaranty Percent Dollar Amount 
Up to $45,000 50% $22,500 
$45,001 to $56,250 40% - 50% $22,500 
$56,251 to $144,000 40% $36,000 
Over $144,000 25% $46,000 (Purchase or
construction loan
and Interest Rate
Reduction Refinancing) 
Manufactured home 40% $20,000 and/or lot loan* 

The VA does not establish a maximum loan amount. No loan for the acquisition of a home, however, may exceed the reasonable value of the property. A loan for the purpose of refinancing existing mortgage loans or other liens secured of record on a dwelling owned and occupied by the veteran as the veteran's home is generally limited to 90 percent of the appraised value of the dwelling as determined by VA. A loan for the purchase of a manufactured home and/or lot is limited to 95 percent of the amount that would be subject to finance charges.

The maximum home loan entitlement was raised from $4,000 to $7,500 in 1950, to $12,500 in 1968, to $17,500 in 1974, to $25,000 in 1978, to $27,500 in 1980, to $36,000 in 1988, and up to $46,000 in 1989. A veteran who previously obtained a VA loan can use the remaining entitlement for any eligible purpose. Veterans who used their entitlement to purchase a manufactured home must first dispose of the manufactured home before purchasing a second manufactured home with a VA guaranteed loan. The amount of remaining entitlement is the difference between $36,000 -- or $46,000 for special loans -- and the amount of entitlement used on prior loans. Veterans refinancing an existing VA loan with a new VA loan at a lower interest rate need not have any entitlement available for use.

Restoration and Substitution of Entitlement

Veterans may have guaranty entitlement restored under the following conditions: (1) the veteran sells the home which was obtained with the VA loan, and (2) the VA is relieved of liability on the VA loan-normally accomplished by paying off the loan -- or the loan is assumed by an eligible veteran who is able and willing to substitute entitlement for that used by the original veteran buyer.

Financing, Interest Rates and Terms

Veterans obtain VA-guaranteed loans through the usual lending institutions, such as banks, savings and loan associations, building and loan associations and mortgage loan companies. Real estate brokers usually assist the borrower in finding a lender.

Veterans may obtain a loan with a fixed or a variable interest rate and the rate may be negotiated with the lender. If the lender charges discount points on the loan, the veteran may negotiate with the seller as to who will pay points or if they will be split between buyer and seller. Points paid by the veteran may not be included in the loan. If the veteran elects a variable rate mortgage, the interest rate may not be raised more than 1 percent annually and may not increase more than a total of 5 percent over the life of the loan. The term of the loan also is subject to negotiation with the lender and may be for as long as 30 years and 32 days.

VA normally does not require that a downpayment be made. VA does require a downpayment for a manufactured home or lot loan, for a loan with graduated payment features, and to prevent the amount of a loan from exceeding VA's determination of the properly's reasonable value. if the sales price exceeds the reasonable value, the veteran must certify that the difference is being paid in cash without any supplementary borrowing.

The maximum maturity for manufactured home or lot loans varies. A VA office can provide specific information. A cash downpayment of 5 percent of the purchase price is required for such loans. The downpayment also must include an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the maximum loan allowable for the transaction and the cost to the veteran.

Closing Costs

Payment in cash is required on all home loan closing costs, including title search and recording, hazard insurance premiums, prepaid taxes, and the 1 percent origination fee which may be required by lenders in lieu of certain other costs. In the case of refinancing loans, all such costs may be included in the loan, as long as the total loan does not exceed 90 percent of the reasonable value established by VA for the property. Loans, including refinancing loans, are charged a funding fee by the VA, with the exception of loans made to certain disabled veterans and unremarried surviving spouses of veterans who died as a result of service or service-connected disabilities. The VA funding fee is based on the loan amount and, at the lender's discretion, may be included in the loan. This fee varies according to the loan:

Funding Fee 
Loan category Veterans Reservists
% of loan % of loan
Purchase or construction 1.25 2.0
loans with downpayments of
less than 5 percent;
Refinancing loans; Home
improvement/repair loans. 
Purchase or construction 0.75 1.5 loans with downpayments
of at least 5 percent but
less than 10 percent 
Purchase or construction: 0.50 1.25 loans with downpayments
of 10 percent or more: 
Manufactured home loans 1.0 1.0 
Interest rate reduction loans 0.5 0.5 

VA protects veteran borrowers in the following ways:

(a) Homes completed less than a year before acquisition with VA financing and inspected during construction by either VA or HUD must meet or exceed VA minimum requirements for planning, construction and general acceptability.

(b) VA may suspend from participation in the loan program those who take unfair advantage of veteran borrowers or decline to sell a new home or make a loan to an eligible veteran of good credit because of race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status or national origin. All credit transactions involving VA financing also must meet the requirements of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act and the Federal Reserve Board's Regulation B.

(c) The builder of a new home is required to give the purchasing veteran a one-year warranty that the home has been constructed in substantial conformity with VA-approved plans and specifications. A similar warranty is required to be given to the veteran in respect to new manufactured homes.

(d) In cases of new construction completed under VA or HUD inspection, VA may pay or otherwise compensate the veteran borrower for correction of structural defects seriously affecting livability if assistance is requested within four years of the time a home loan is guaranteed or made.

(e) The borrower obtaining a GI loan may only be charged the fees and other charges prescribed by VA as allowable.

(f) The borrower has the right to prepay at any time, without premium or penalty, the entire indebtedness or any part thereof not less than the amount of one installment or $100, whichever is less.

(g) It is the policy of VA to encourage holders to extend all reasonable forbearance and indulgence in the event a borrower becomes temporarily unable to meet the terms of the loan.

Occupancy Certification

Veterans must certify that they intend to live in the home they are buying or building with a VA guaranty. Also, when a veteran wishes to refinance or improve a home with a VA guaranty, the veteran must certify to being in occupancy at the time of application. In refinancing outstanding VA-guaranteed loans solely to reduce the interest rate, veterans need only certify to prior occupancy. Veterans purchasing homes with GI loans also are required to certify they will not discriminate in the resale of their homes.

Release of Liability

Upon request, when a veteran sells residential property financed through a VA guaranty, the veteran may be released from liability to the federal government, provided the loan is current and the purchaser has been obligated by contract to purchase the property and assume all of the veteran's liabilities and VA is satisfied that the purchaser is a good risk. A release of liability does not mean that a veteran could have the VA guaranty entitlement restored. VA usually restores entitlement only when it is no longer liable to the lender on the guaranty and the veteran is otherwise eligible for restoration. The release of a veteran from liability to the government does not change the fact that VA continues to remain liable on the guaranty. If a veteran-buyer, however, agrees to substitute entitlement for that of the original veteran-borrower and if all other requirements for substitution of entitlement are met, the veteran-seller may qualify for restoration.

For loans made on or after March 1, 1988, a release from liability determination must be made in every case involving the assumption of a VA-guaranteed loan. This will involve a determination of the good credit of the buyer assuming the loan by the holder of the loan or VA. A VA loan for which a commitment was made on or after March 1, 1988, is not assumable without approval of VA or its authorized agent. The person who assumes a VA loan for which a commitment was made on or after March 1, 1988, must pay a fee to VA equal to 1/2 of 1 percent of the balance of the loan being assumed. If a person disposes of the property securing a VA loan for which a commitment was made on or after March 1, 1988, without first notifying the holder of the loan, the holder may demand immediate and full payment of the amount owing on the loan.

Repossessed Houses

In many areas, VA has homes for sale that have been acquired after foreclosure of a VA-guaranteed loan. These homes are available for resale to both veterans and non-veterans. For information, contact local real estate agents for available listings.

Life Insurance

For information about government life insurance, veterans may call the VA Insurance Center toll-free, 1-800-669-8477. Specialists are available between the hours of 8 a.m. and 6:30 p.m., ET, to discuss premium payments, insurance dividends, changes of address, policy loans, naming beneficiaries and reporting the death of the insured or a beneficiary. After hours a caller may leave a recorded message, which will be answered on the next workday. If the policy number is unknown, send the veteran's VA file number, Social Security number, military serial number or military service branch and dates of service with date of birth to one of two VA insurance centers. For states east of the Mississippi River, or for any policy which is being paid by a deduction from VA benefits, military retired pay or a checking account, send to: Department of Veterans Affairs Regional Office and Insurance Center P.O. Box 8079 Philadelphia, PA 19101

For states west of the Mississippi River, and the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana and Mississippi, send to:

Department of Veterans Affairs
Regional Office and Insurance Center
Bishop Henry Whipple Bldg.
Fort Snelling
St. Paul, MN 55111 
Status of Life Insurance Programs 
Ending Policy
Beginning Date for Letter
Program Date New Issues Prefix
U.S. Government (USGLI) May 1919 April 24, 1951 K
National Service (NSLI) Oct. 8, 1940 April 24, 1951 V,H Veterans Special (VSLI) April 25, 1951
Dec. 31, 1956 RS,W 
Service Disabled (SDVI) April 25, 1951 Still Open RH
Veterans Reopened (VRI) May 1, 1965 May 2, 1966 J,JR,
JS
Servicemen's Group (SGLI) Sept. 29, 1965 Still Open Veterans Mortgage (VMLI) Aug. 11, 1971
Still Open Veterans' Group (VGLI) Aug. 1, 1974 Still Open

Dividends Can Increase Total Insurance

Since July 1, 1972, the maximum amount of government life insurance, exclusive of SGLI, VGLI and VMLI, can be increased from a ceiling of $10,000. Policyholders with WWII National Service Life Insurance (V) can use their dividends to purchase additional paid-up coverage, permitting insureds to have more than $10,000 coverage. Policyholders with Veterans Special Life Insurance (RS, W) and Veterans Reopened Insurance (J, JR, JS) also can purchase additions to coverage.

Service-Disabled Veterans Insurance

Veterans who are granted a service-connected disability but are otherwise in good health may apply to VA for up to $10,000 life insurance coverage at standard insurance rates within two years from the date VA notifies the veteran that the disability has been rated as service connected. This insurance is limited to veterans who left service after April 24, 1951. Veterans who are totally disabled may apply for a waiver of premiums. For those veterans who are eligible for this waiver, an additional policy of up to $20,000 is available. Premiums, however, cannot be waived on the additional insurance.

Reinstatement of Lapsed Insurance

Lapsed term policies may be reinstated within five years from the date of lapse. However, NSLI on the Limited Convertible Term Plan (Policy prefix W) may not be reinstated if the term insurance expired after the policyholder's 50th birthday. Lapsed permanent plan policies may be reinstated at any time except that "J" and "JR" policies must be reinstated within five years from date of lapse, and an endowment plan must be reinstated within the endowment period.

Automatic Renewal

A five-year term policy which is not lapsed at the end of the term period is automatically renewed for an additional five-year period. The exception is the NSLI Limited Convertible Term Plan (policy prefix W) which may be converted to a permanent plan, but cannot be renewed after the insured's 50th birthday. The premium rate for each renewal is based on the attained age of the insured, except "V" and "RS" prefixed policies renewed beyond age 70. The rate on these policies is based on the age 70 renewal rate, with no further increases occurring over the remaining life of the contract.

Convertibility

Any term policy which is in force may be convened to a permanent plan if requirements are met. NSLI policyholders, however, are not eligible to convert to an endowment plan while totally disabled. Upon reaching renewal at age 70 or older, NSLI "V" and "RS" term policies on total disability premium waiver are automatically converted to a permanent plan of insurance which provides cash and loan value as well as higher annual dividends.

Modified Life

A "modified life at age 65" plan of insurance is available to NSLI policyholders. The comparatively low premium rates for this plan remain the same throughout the premium-paying period, while the face value reduces by 50 percent at age 65. The reduced amount may be replaced with a "special ordinary life" plan, for an additional premium. In 1972, a "modified life at age 70" plan became available, which is like the modified life at age 65 plan except that face value reduction does not occur until age 70. The premium rate is only slightly higher than for the modified life at age 65 plan.

Dividends

Dividends are paid to holders of "K," "V," "RS," "W," "J," "JR," and "JS" insurance on the policy anniversary date. Dividends are not paid to holders of "H" or "RH" policies, or to those insured under SGLI, VMLI and VGLI. The Internal Revenue Service has announced that interest on insurance dividends left on deposit with the VA is not taxable. For details on this ruling contact the IRS.

Guaranteed Permanent Plan Policy Values

When a permanent plan policy has had premiums paid or waived for at least one year, and it is not lapsed, the guaranteed values include cash surrender, loan and reduced paid-up provisions. If a permanent plan policy lapses after being in force for at least three months, it will automatically be extended as term insurance. The period of this protection is determined by the net cash value of the policy. The amount of extended coverage is the face value less any indebtedness.

Policy Loans

Policyholders may borrow up to 94 percent of the cash surrender value of their permanent plan on insurance and continue the insurance in force by payment of premiums. All NSLI policy loans applied for on and after Nov. 2, 1987, are charged interest at an adjustable rate which is adjusted each Oct. 1. Changes to the adjustable loan interest rate are tied to the 10-year U.S. Treasury securities index. The annual interest charged on adjustable-rate loans will not go higher than 12 percent or lower than 5 percent. The interest rates on United States Government Life Insurance (USGLI) policy loans and existing fixed rate NSLI policy loans will remain unchanged. Interest on policy loans is compounded annually. The current interest rate may be obtained at any VA office, or by calling the toll-free number, 1-800-669-8477.

Total or Permanent Disability

NSLI policyholders who become totally disabled before their 65th birthday and are likely to remain so for six or more months should consult VA about their entitlement to premium waiver. USGLI policyholders who become totally and permanently disabled should consult VA about receiving the proceeds of their policies in monthly payments.

Total Disability Income Provision (TDIP)

Full information about adding the TDIP rider to a policy is available from the VA Regional Office and Insurance Center which maintains the veteran's insurance records, or the nearest VA office. The provision currently provides that an NSLI policyholder will be paid $10 per month, per $1,000 insurance, after being totally disabled for six consecutive months. A few older riders pay $5 per month. In either instance, disability must have commenced before the insured reached the 60th or 65th birthday, depending upon the insurance. USGLI policies also carry a TDIP provision. The amount of the monthly payment, however, differs from that paid to NSLI policyholders. TDIP payments do not reduce the face value of the policy. TDIP is not available for policies with the prefix "RH," "JR," or "JS."

Servicemen's Group Life Insurance (SGLI)

All members of the uniformed services, including cadets and midshipmen of the four service academies, are automatically insured under Servicemen's Group Life Insurance (SGLI) for $100,000, unless they elect in writing to be covered for a lesser amount, or not to be covered at all. They also may purchase up to an additional $100,000 for a total of $200,000. Full-time coverage is also provided, under certain conditions, for (1) persons who volunteer for assignment to the Ready Reserve of a uniformed service, and (2) persons assigned to--or who, upon application, would be eligible for assignment to--the Retired Reserve of a uniformed service and have completed at least 20 years of satisfactory service creditable for retirement purposes.

Part-time coverage is provided, under certain conditions, to members of the reserves who do not qualify for full-time coverage.

Premiums are deducted automatically from a member's pay, or otherwise collected from members on active duty or in the Ready Reserve by their uniformed service. Members of the Retired Reserve currently must submit premiums directly to the Office of Servicemen's Group Life Insurance (OSGLI).

Members performing full-time duty under calls or orders not limited to 30 days or less, and members of the Ready Reserve who qualify for full-time coverage, are covered for 120 days following separation from service with no additional premium during that period. Those members who are totally disabled at separation retain SGLI coverage up to one year or until the disability ceases to be total in degree, whichever occurs first, with no additional premium cost during this period. Members of the reserve who qualify for full-time coverage and who are eligible for assignment to or are assigned to the Retired Reserve may convert their coverage to an individual commercial policy with any of the participating companies. As an alternative, they may continue their SGLI coverage after separation or release from their reserve obligation, provided the initial premium with identifying information is submitted within 120 days of release to the Office of Servicemen's Group Life Insurance, 213 Washington St., Newark, N.J. 07102. If the initial premium is not submitted within the 120 days, coverage may be granted, provided an application -- SGLV 871 3, Evidence of Insurability -- and the initial premium are submitted to OSGLI within one year after the member's SGLI coverage is terminated.

Veterans' Group Life Insurance (VGLI)

SGLI may be convened to renewable five-year term coverage known as VGLI (Veterans' Group Life Insurance). This program is administered by OSGLI (Office of Servicemen's Group Life Insurance), 213 Washington St., Newark, N.J., 07102, and is supervised by the Department of Veterans Affairs. Coverage may be obtained in increments of $10,000 up to a maximum of $200,000, but not more than the amount of SGLI that the member had in force at the time of separation from military service.

VGLI is available to:

(a) Individuals being released from active duty after Aug. 1, 1974.

(b) Reservists who, while performing active duty or inactive duty for training for a period of less than 31 days, suffer a disability which renders them uninsurable at standard premium rates.

(c) Members of the Individual Ready Reserve (IRR) and Inactive National Guard (ING). Members on active duty entitled to SGLI coverage can convert to VGLI by submitting the premium within 120 days of separating from active duty. The insurance is effective on the 121 st day. After 121 days, the veteran still may be granted VGLI provided initial premium and evidence of insurability are submitted within one year after the veteran's SGLI coverage is terminated. Insurance will be effective the day the premium is received in the office of SGLI. Members with fulltime SGLI coverage who are totally disabled at the time of separation and whose service makes them eligible for VGLI may purchase the insurance while remaining totally disabled up to one year following separation. The effective date of VGLI will be at the end of the one-year period following separation or the date the disability ends, whichever is earlier, but not prior to 120 days after separation. Members insured under part-time SGLI coverage who incur a disability or aggravate a pre-existing disability during a reserve active or inactive period can, within the 120-day period following the period during which the disability was incurred or aggravated, apply for VGLI.

Totally disabled members must submit proof of disability with an application and the first premium. As persons separate from active duty, re-enlist and effect other changes in duty status, they may be eligible for both SGLI and VGLI. Any former member insured under VGLI who may again become eligible for SGLI is automatically insured under the SGLI program. Both plans can be participated in if it is advantageous to the individual, as long as the combined amount of SGLI and VGLI does not exceed $200,000.

A VGLI policy holder has the right to convert to an individual commercial policy at standard premium rates, regardless of health, with any of the participating companies licensed to do business in the veteran's state. The individual policy will be effective the date after the insured's VGLI terminates at the end of any five-year period. The OSGLI will advise the insured of the impending date of termination and give information regarding the conversion of VGLI to an individual policy. Individuals who remain in the IRR or ING throughout their period of VGLI coverage can renew their VGLI for additional five-year periods instead of converting to an individual policy. They can still convert at the end of subsequent periods of coverage. Veterans wanting further information may contact their nearest VA office, or write to or call the Office of Servicemen's Group Life Insurance at (201) 802-7676.

Veterans Mortgage Life Insurance (VMLI)

The maximum amount of mortgage life insurance available for those who have been granted or will be granted a specially adapted housing grant is $90,000. Protection is automatic unless eligible veterans decline in writing or fail to respond to a final request for information on which their premium can be based. Premiums are automatically deducted from VA benefit payments or paid direct, if the veteran does not draw compensation, and will continue until the mortgage, up to the maximum amount of insurance, has been liquidated, or the home is sold, or until the coverage terminates when the veteran reaches age 70, or dies. If a mortgage is disposed of through liquidation or sale of the property, VMLI may be obtained on the mortgage of a second or subsequent home.

Income Tax Ruling

The Internal Revenue Service has announced that interest on insurance dividends left on deposit with the VA is not taxable. For details on this ruling contact the IRS.

VA Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization

VA has an Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization (OSDBU) to assist small businesses to contract with and sell to the department. OSDBU provides information to large and small firms interested in doing business with VA. Like other federal purchasers, VA is required to place a fair portion of its contracts and purchases with small and disadvantaged businesses. VA also promotes business with veterans by requiring VA contracting offices to include veteran-owned contractors in mailings to solicit bids. These businesses are identified from the Procurement Automated Source System (PASS) maintained by the SBA. For more information, write to OSDBU (005SB) at the Department of Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20420.

Homeless Veterans

A number of VA benefits assist eligible homeless veterans, including disability compensation, pension, education, and burial benefits, which aid in efforts to resolve the economic problems of homeless veterans. Homeless veterans also are provided special assistance through many program initiatives which include:

Directing benefit payments for homeless veterans to VA facilities in the absence of a permanent mailing address;

Selling foreclosed properties to non-profit organizations and government agencies to shelter homeless veterans.

VA also continues to expand its health and rehabilitation programs for homeless veterans, which currently include the following initiatives:

45 Homeless Chronically Mentally III program sites that provide comprehensive medical, psychological and rehabilitation treatment programs through case management and community-based residential care;

27 Domiciliary Care for Homeless Veterans program sites that provide active residential rehabilitation services;

A growing number of Compensated Work Therapy/Therapeutic Residence group homes; special day-time, drop-in centers; and Comprehensive Homeless Centers. VA also has joined with the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Social Security Administration, veterans service organizations, and community non-profit homeless service providers in special partnerships that help VA provide comprehensive care for homeless veterans. For information contact the nearest VA regional office or medical center.

Women Veterans

Women veterans are eligible for the same VA benefits as male veterans. In addition, VA is required to provide appropriate and timely medical care to any eligible woman veteran for gender-specific disabilities. Women veteran coordinators have been designated at each VA medical center and regional office to counsel women veterans seeking treatment and benefits. VA medical centers have made structural changes or renovated areas to ensure privacy for women veteran patients. In addition to routine medical care, each VA medical facility will provide to eligible women veterans: a complete physical exam that includes breast and pelvic examinations; adequate inpatient gynecology services; outpatient gynecology services; and referral procedures for necessary services that may not be available at that facility.

Special Groups with Veterans Benefits

A number of groups who have provided military-related service to the United States have been granted VA benefits. For the service to qualify, the Defense Secretary must certify that the group has provided active military service. Individual members must be issued a discharge by the Defense Secretary to qualify for VA benefits. Service in the following groups has been certified as active military service for benefits purposes:

1.Women's Air Forces Service Pilots (WASPs).

2.Signal Corps Female Telephone Operators Unit of World War I.

3.Engineer Field Clerks.

4.Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC).

5.Quartermaster Corps female clerical employees serving with the AEF (American Expeditionary Forces) in World War I.

6.Civilian Employees of Pacific Naval Air Bases who actively participated in defense of Wake Island during World War II.

7.Reconstruction aides and dietitians in World War I.

8.Male civilian ferry pilots.

9.Wake Island defenders from Guam.

10.Civilian personnel assigned to the Secret Intelligence Element of the OSS.

11.Guam Combat Patrol

12.Quartermaster Corps Keswick crew on Corregidor (WWII).

13.U.S. civilian volunteers who actively participated in the defense of Bataan.

14.U.S. merchant seamen who served on blockships in support of Operation Mulberry.

15.American merchant marines in oceangoing service during the period of armed conflict, Dec. 7, 1941, to Aug. 15, 1945.

16.Civilian Navy IFF technicians who served in the combat areas of the Pacific during World War II, Dec. 7, 1941, to Aug. 15, 1945.

17.U.S. civilians of the American Field Service who served overseas in World War I between Aug. 31, 191 7, and Jan. 1, 1918.

18.U.S. civilians of the American Field Service who served overseas under U.S. armies and U.S. army groups in World War II between Dec. 7, 1941, and May 8, 1945.

19.U.S. civilian employees of American Airlines who served overseas in a contract with the Air Transport Command between Dec. 14, 1941, and Aug. 14, 1945.

20.Civilian crewmen of U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey vessels who served in areas of immediate military hazard while conducting cooperative operations with and for the U.S. Armed Forces between Dec. 7, 1941, and Aug. 15, 1945.

21.Honorably discharged members of the American Volunteer Group (Flying Tigers) who served between Dec. 7, 1941, and July 18, 1942.

22.U.S. civilian flight crew and aviation ground support employees of United Air Lines who served overseas in a contract with Air Transport Command between Dec. 14, 1941, and Aug. 14, 1945.

23.U.S. civilian flight crew and aviation ground support employees of Transcontinental and Western Air Inc. (TWA), who served overseas in a contract with the Air Transport Command between Dec. 14, 1941, and Aug. 14, 1945.

24.U.S. civilian flight crew and aviation ground support employees of Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corp. (Consairway Division) who served overseas in a contract with Air Transport Command between Dec. 14, 1941, and Aug. 14, 1945.

25.U.S. civilian flight crew and aviation ground support employees of Pan American World Airways and its subsidiaries and affiliates, who served overseas in a contract with the Air Transport Command and Naval Air Transport Service between Dec. 14, 1941, and Aug. 14, 1945.

26.Honorably discharged members of the American Volunteer Guard, Eritrea Service Command, between June 21, 1942, and March 31, 1943